Colorectal carcinoma – Duke Staging and Management
0 - Tis, N0, M0
Limited to mucosa
>95%
Local excision/polypectomy → Surveillance
No
No
II - T3-4, N0, M0
B
B reached bowel wall (muscularis propria)
70%
Wide surgical resection + Anastomosis
Adjuvant if: lymph node sampling <12, poorly differentiated, local invasion, occlusion/perforation, pT4)
FOLFOX or CapeOX
Yes, for rectal cancer (give with 5-FU as sensitizer)
IV - any T, any N, M1
D
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