Review: Treatment Options for GSM Have “Modest” Effect on Symptoms

Many females who are postmenopausal experience genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), a condition affecting the vulva, vagina, and urinary tract that can cause vaginal dryness, painful sexual intercourse, reduced libido, and recurrent urinary tract infections. Treatments for GSM include vaginal estrogen and testosterone, vaginal and systemic dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and nonhormonal moisturizers.